Predictive equation derived from 6,497 doubly labelled water measurements enables the detection of erroneous self-reported energy intake
Rania Bajunaid, Chaoqun Niu, Catherine Hambly, Zongfang Liu, Yosuke Yamada, Heliodoro Alemán-Mateo, Liam Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issad Baddou, Linda G. Bandini, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E. Blaak, Carlijn V. C. Bouten, Søren Brage, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan Gerardus Camps, Regina C. Casper, Graeme L. Close, Jamie A. Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Peter S.W. Davies, Prasangi Dabare, Lara R. Dugas, Simon Eaton, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Melanie B. Gillingham, Annelies Goris, Michael Gurven, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Hinke Haisma, Daniël J. Hoffman, Marije B. Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas, Annemiek M. Joosen, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Misaka Kimura, William E. Kraus, Wantanee Kriengsinyos, Rebecca Kuriyan, Robert F. Kushner, Estelle V. Lambert, Pulani Lanerolle, Christel Larsson, William R. Leonard, Nader Lessan, Marie Löf, Corby K. Martin, Eric Matsiko, Anine Christine Medin, James C. Morehen, James P. Morton, Aviva Must, Marian L. Neuhouser, Theresa A. Nicklas, Christine Delisle Nyström, Robert Ojiambo, Kirsi H. Pietiläinen, Yannis Pitsiladis, Jacob Plange‐Rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L. Prentice, Susan B. Racette, David A. Raichlen, Éric Ravussin, Leanne M. Redman, John J. Reilly, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Susan B. Roberts, Dulani Samaranayakem, Luís B. Sardinha, Analiza M. Silva, Anders Sjödin, Marina Stamatiou, Eric Stice, Samuel S. Urlacher, Ludo M. Van Etten, Edgar van Mil, George Wilson, Jack A. Yanovski, Tsukasa Yoshida, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J. Murphy‐Alford, Srishti Sinha, Cornelia Loechl, Amy Luke, Herman Pontzer, Jennifer Rood, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Dale A. Schoeller, Klaas R. Westerterp, William W. Wong, John R. Speakman
Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures to chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating dietary intake are inaccurate. One way to identify unreliable data and the sources of errors is to compare estimated intakes with the total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database to derive a predictive equation for TEE using 6,497 measures of TEE in individuals aged 4 to 96 years. The resultant regression equation predicts expected TEE from easily acquired variables, such as body weight, age and sex, with 95% predictive limits that can be used to screen for misreporting by participants in dietary studies. We applied the equation to two large datasets (National Diet and Nutrition Survey and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) and found that the level of misreporting was >50%. The macronutrient composition from dietary reports in these studies was systematically biased as the level of misreporting increased, leading to potentially spurious associations between diet components and body mass index.